Tuesday, January 14, 2020

दुई नम्बर प्रदेश को नाम जनकपुर राख्ने कि?

कोशी, जनकपुर, बागमती, गण्डकी, लुम्बिनी, कर्णाली, महाकाली। विराटनगर, जनकपुर, हेटौंडा, पोखरा, भैरहवा, सुर्खेत, टीकापुर।

दुई नम्बर को नाम मधेस राख्न का लागि संख्या पुगिराख्या छैन। सपा र राजपा ले मानेका छन। चाहेका छन। तर दुई तिहाई छैन तिनी सँग। नेका ले मिथिला भनेको छ। त्यसमा तर भोजपुरा पनि पर्छ। मिथिला-भोजपुरा बढ़ी लामो नाम भो।तानतुन पारेर बनाए जस्तो। नेकपा ले के अड़ान लिएको छ कुन्नि।

नामाकरण त गर्नु परयो। दुई तिहाई पुर्याउनु परयो। जनकपुर नाम मा सहमति जुट्छ कि?


















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Tuesday, January 07, 2020

Cambodia's Hun Sen And Nepal's Oli

'No debate, no democracy': journalists in Nepal fight new threat to press freedom Bills introduced by ruling Communist party will bring in heavy fines and the threat of jail to stifle debate, say critics

उनीहरू कतिसम्म प्रभावशाली छन् भन्ने एउटा उदाहरण छ । पूर्व सचिव विश्वप्रकाश पण्डितको लगानी रहेकोे महावीर क्रसर उद्योगले संकलन गरेको नदीजन्य पदार्थको स्रोत खुलाउन र नखुल्ने भए जरिवाना नतिरेसम्म बन्द गर्ने निर्णय एलडिओले गरेपछि त्यस विरुद्ध गृह मन्त्रालयबाट नवलपरासीका प्रमुख जिल्ला अधिकारीमाथि समेत दबाब दिइएको थियो । जबकि गृह मन्त्रालय गिट्टीबालुवा हेर्ने मन्त्रालय नै होइन ।
लोकतंत्रको पुनर्बहाली भएको १५ बर्ष पनि नबित्दै देशको अस्ति सम्मको उप प्रधान मन्त्रीले प्रधान मंत्री लाई कंबोडिया को हुन सेन सँग दाँज्नु, लोकतंत्र नै खतरामा रहेको आभाष दिनु, यो राम्रो लक्षण होइन।

प्रधानमन्त्री त यती समूहको सीईओ रहेछन्!




ओली सरकारबारे उपेन्द्र यादवको विश्लेषण : ‘हुन सेनको बाटोमा ओली : पञ्चायतभन्दा कठोर’ ‘अलिअलि त कम्युनिस्ट होलान् भन्ने ठानें, कांग्रेसभन्दा प्रतिगामी रहेछन्’

अहिलेको सरकारको खास टार्गेट मिडिया नै हो । सोसियल मिडिया होस्, प्रिन्ट मिडिया होस् या इलेक्ट्रोनिक मिडिया होस् । उनीहरु फेसबुकलाई समाप्त पार्छु बनेर लागेका छन् । कानूनै बनाएर लाग्नुपर्छ भनेर लागेका छन् ।

दोस्रो कन्सेप्ट के हो त भन्दाखेरि कम्बोडियाको हुनसेनको जस्तै । व्यवस्था बहुदलीय हुने, लोकतान्त्रिक हुने, आफ्नो कन्ट्रोलमा सबैथोक हुने । क्याम्बोडियामा पनि मिडियामा कन्ट्रोल छ । पार्टीहरु कन्ट्रोलमा छन् । यो बाटोमा जानका लागि ओजीजीको के छ भने पहिले न्यायालयलाई कन्ट्रोल गर्ने, आफ्ना मान्छेहरु घुसाउने । त्यसपछि ब्यूरोक्रेसी कन्ट्रोल गर्ने ।

अहिले कसले पार्टीलाई लेबी तिर्छन्, ब्यूरोक्रेसीमा तिनलाई प्राथमिकताका साथ ल्याइँदैछ । त्यसपछि सेक्युरिटी फोर्सलाई कन्ट्रोल गर्ने । त्यसपछि निर्वाचन आयोगलाई कन्ट्रोल गर्ने । यति कन्ट्रोल गरिसकेपछि त वन साइडेड मात्रै हुन्छ नि । यसरी लिएर जाने बाटोमा उनी लागेका छन् । यसरी नै अगाडि बढ्ने उनले ठानेका छन् । एकदमै ‘टोटालिटेरियन’ (अधिनायकवाद) तर्फ लैजाने उनको घोषितै कुरा हो ।

देशलाई अहिले क्याम्बोडियाको मोडेलमा लान खोजिँदैछ । बहुदलीय प्रणाली हुने, तर एक पार्टीको डोमिनेसन कायम गर्ने बाटोमा सरकार अगाडि बढिरहेको छ । सरकारमा बस्दाखेरि त्यहाँभित्र यस्तो देखियो ।


In Cambodia, ‘Rule of Law’ Means Hun Sen Rules The prime minister uses a shroud of democracy to counter dissatisfaction and thwart the opposition. ...Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen, currently Asia’s longest-serving ruler, faces no tangible political competition. ..... In 2017, Cambodia’s Supreme Court, which is aligned with the ruling party, dissolved the opposition Cambodia National Rescue Party (CNRP). ..... The prime minister speaks in legal terms, referencing Cambodia’s U.N.-backed 1993 constitution and concepts such as the rule of law and human rights that he frequently disregards in practice. ..... manipulative language ...... Almost two-thirds of Cambodians are under 30, and they do not support Hun Sen at the rate of their elders, instead blaming him for lagging development. They do increasingly support democratic ideals. This creeping unpopularity among young voters was evident during the 2013 elections, which were surprisingly close, and the 2017 local elections, when the opposition managed to increase its vote share relative to the ruling Cambodian People’s Party (CPP) despite Hun Sen’s threats of violence. In 2018, the CPP overwhelmingly won a general election widely regarded as a sham: The CNRP was already banned........ Since 2017, Hun Sen’s government has undermined Cambodia’s democracy without technically violating the constitution. ..... .In practice, Hun Sen pays only lip service to the rule of law. “Hun Sen has ruled in accordance with what can be referred to as a ‘modest’ constitution. It incorporates formal assurances of a wide variety of political rights and civil liberties, but there is

a parallel failure to uphold those guarantees

...... The prime minister has relied on legal and financial tools to stifle the free press.

In September 2017, the government shuttered the Cambodia Daily newspaper, citing a dubious $6.3 million tax bill.

In May 2018, Cambodia’s only remaining independent newspaper, the Phnom Penh Post, was sold to a Malaysian businessman with ties to the CPP. ........ Hun Sen—himself a former low-level Khmer Rouge commander—undermined the operations of the U.N.-backed Khmer Rouge tribunal through political pressure as its defendants aged and doubts grew over future indictments. He argued that the tribunal threatened Cambodia’s safety and the government’s ability to govern.....

The government increasingly wields the digital sphere as a repressive tool, arresting people for critical social media posts and creating a silencing effect.

......... The young don’t see new faces, new input, or new approach. They don’t want to care. ........ The journalist said they

and other Cambodian reporters have a substantial number of Cambodian Twitter bots following them—presumably intended to let Cambodians know they’re being watched by the powerful

. ........ Hun Sen appears to be grooming his son Hun Manet as his successor. In personalized authoritarian regimes like Cambodia, a successor’s success hinges on their ability to reduce public discontent and control volatile elites. ....... Hun Sen, hoping to strengthen his family’s grasp on power, will keep cracking down through supposedly legal means and by acting as Beijing’s proxy. But Cambodians have become increasingly literate in the language of authoritarianism, casting doubt on the long-term success of Hun Sen’s efforts to dress up his one-man rule as democratic.

Hun Sen: Cambodia's strongman prime minister Cambodia's Hun Sen has been in power since 1985 and is one of the world's longest-serving prime ministers. ...... an authoritarian figure with a poor human rights record and the resources and will to thwart any real political challenge. ...... He shows no signs of wanting to relinquish power - in June 2018, he vowed to rule for 10 more years. ....... the party goes into the July 2018 elections facing no significant rivals after the main opposition - the Cambodia National Rescue Party - was dissolved. ...... In the late 1960s, he joined the Communist Party. He lost his left eye during an exchange of gunfire and he has reportedly said he can only see a limited distance. ........ During Pol Pot's tyrannical regime in the late 1970s, under which as many as two million people died,

Hun Sen commanded troops in the Khmer Rouge

- although he denies accusations of complicity in the regime's crimes. ........ Hun Sen lost the 1993 elections, but he refused to accept the results and forced a negotiation to become second prime minister alongside the Funcinpec Party's Prince Norodom Ranariddh. ...... He went on to seize power in a bloody coup in 1997, forcing Prince Ranariddh to temporarily leave the country. ....... In Cambodia's 2008 elections the CPP won most of the contested seats. But the polls were criticised by international monitors, with the EU saying the ruling party made "consistent and widespread" use of state resources for its own campaign. ......... It was the most significant challenge to Hun Sen's rule in more than a decade, and eventually he ordered the security forces to end the protests. ....... a prominent political analyst and government critic, Kem Ley, was assassinated in broad daylight, supposedly over a debt dispute. ...... After the opposition performed well in the 2017 commune council elections, Hun Sen and the CPP moved definitively against the CNRP. In September, Kem Sokha, the new leader, was arrested on treason charges and several other senior politicians fled into exile. ........ Two months later, the Supreme Court dissolved the CNRP completely, paving the way for national elections in 2018 that have been rejected as illegitimate by the EU and US government....... Hun Sen is facing calls for sanctions against his inner circle, but appears to be pushing ahead to consolidate control........ Analysts say he is grooming his three sons - all of whom are in powerful positions either in the party, military or government - to take the reins when he eventually steps down.

Khmer Riche How relatives and allies of Cambodia’s leader amassed wealth overseas Cambodia’s ruling elite are patriots who would never hide money abroad, says the country’s leader, Hun Sen. But a Reuters investigation shows that Hun Sen's family and officials have overseas assets worth tens of millions of dollars, and some have bought themselves European citizenship. ........ It was December 2017. The main opposition party had just been outlawed, the latest move in Hun Sen’s campaign to eradicate his political rivals. The United States and European Union were threatening sanctions, and Hun Sen had a message for them....... “Just do it now if you are brave enough,” he taunted, bristling with outrage. There was no point in the West trying to seize the foreign assets of Cambodian officials, he went on, because they “wouldn’t be so damn stupid as to keep their assets overseas.” ........ Among those who have acquired or applied for European Union passports through a citizenship for sale arrangement in Cyprus are: Hun Sen’s niece and her husband, who is Cambodia’s national police chief; the country’s most powerful business couple, who are old family friends; and the finance minister, a long-time Hun Sen adviser. ........ Photos on social media also show Hun Sen’s relatives enjoying luxurious European lifestyles – boating in Capri, skiing in Verbier, partying in Ibiza – which are at odds with the prime minister’s self-styled image as the humble leader of ordinary Cambodians. ........ He has jailed or exiled political rivals, shut down media outlets and crushed street protests. Only three men have controlled their countries for longer: the presidents of Equatorial Guinea, Cameroon and the Republic of the Congo.

If Hun Sen stepped down tomorrow, Vladimir Putin would have to rule Russia for another 15 years to match his time in power.

......... In February, responding to his crackdown, the European Union began a process that could suspend Cambodia’s special trade preferences, potentially damaging industries that employ hundreds of thousands of workers. The country’s political and business elite is on edge ....... “Everyone is making an escape plan,” he said......... Hun Panhaboth, the son of another niece, defended his lifestyle in messages sent to Reuters through Facebook. An Instagram photo shows him driving a Mercedes while holding a fistful of banknotes. “I really don’t see the harm in that anyways,” he said. ........ One Cambodian with overseas assets is the prime minister’s niece, Hun Kimleng. Photos posted on Instagram by a family nanny helped lead Reuters to a posh apartment in central London, situated only a few hundred metres from the palace of the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge. ........ Getting a Cypriot passport also makes the niece a citizen of the European Union, which Cyprus joined in 2004. This gives her the right to live, work and travel without visas in 28 EU countries. ...... Becoming a Cypriot isn’t cheap: It involves an investment of at least €2 million ($2.2 million). Between 2013 and 2018, the country granted citizenship to 3,200 foreigners under its Cyprus Investment Programme, raking in €6.6 billion. ........ Neth Savoeun is Cambodia’s powerful national police chief, presiding over a force responsible for arresting Hun Sen’s political opponents and violently suppressing anti-government protests. Last year, Human Rights Watch named him as one of 12 generals who form “the backbone of an abusive and authoritarian political regime.” .......

That the country’s top cop has sought foreign citizenship could show that the party’s leaders are losing faith in each other

........ In 2017, the U.S. State Department put Neth Savoeun, Hun Kimleng and their three children on a “visa blacklist” for undermining democracy .......... other members of Hun Sen’s inner circle have also received or applied for Cypriot passports. They include Cambodia’s finance minister, Aun Pornmoniroth, a long-time financial adviser to Hun Sen. Aun’s wife also applied. ...... Another of Choeung and Lau’s companies was embroiled in the eviction of thousands of families from a development site in Phnom Penh; many of those who protested the evictions were beaten and jailed. Citing the evictions, the World Bank temporarily suspended new lending to Cambodia. ....... Choeung and Lau are both in their seventies, and their family has business or marriage links to four of Hun Sen’s five children. Lau is a senator for Prime Minister Hun Sen’s party. Choeung sits on the board of the Cambodian Red Cross. She is a close friend of the charity’s president – Hun Sen’s wife. ........ The murder had a chilling effect on Cambodia’s embattled opposition. In 2018, with his rivals cowed or silenced, Hun Sen held another general election. This time, his party won 77% of the vote – and every single seat. ...... The company that has processed the most applications is the giant accounting firm, PricewaterhouseCoopers; it handled 184 applications during that period with what PwC Cyprus calls “robust client screening and acceptance processes.” ....... handled the applications of the Cambodian finance minister, Aun; the leading business couple, Choeung and Lau; and their family members. ....... 70% of people live on about $3 a day, and Hun Sen has long projected himself as a leader who suffers alongside his poorest compatriots. ......... Yet many relatives with the Hun family name flaunt their wealth on social media accounts. One photo on Instagram shows two of the prime minister’s nieces, Hun Kimleng and Hun Chantha, posing in ballgowns and matching golden necklaces. Other photos document their near-constant travel, often by private jet, to fashion shows in Paris, a hillside villa in Mykonos, and London nightclubs like Loulou’s. Hun Chantha also co-owns London apartments worth £5 million .......... The European Union says three of its member states – Cyprus, Malta and Bulgaria – run what it calls “investor citizenship schemes.” Of those, Cyprus’s is the largest and most lucrative - and, say critics, the least transparent.

Autopsy of a Cambodian Election How Hun Sen Rules ....... Khmer New Year is the closest thing Cambodia has to a High Holiday, and in April, Prime Minister Hun Sen celebrated it in style with his fiercest opponent. During a festival at the ancient temples of Angkor, he and Sam Rainsy ate together from a gigantic cake of sticky rice weighing more than four metric tons—a Guinness World Record.

Cambodia Becomes the World’s Newest One-Party State With Chinese support, Hun Sen has effectively destroyed all opposition to his autocratic rule. ....... On Thursday, the Supreme Court of Cambodia ordered the dissolution of the country’s main opposition party. For most observers, the move didn’t come as much of a surprise. For one thing, the court’s president is an old aide and associate of the long-ruling prime minister, Hun Sen. For another, the pugnacious and dictatorial Hun Sen had spent the past month “predicting” the court’s ruling, offering recently (hint, hint) that the popular Cambodia National Rescue Party (CNRP) stood a 100-to-1 chance of living to fight another election. .......... the midnight arrest of the CNRP’s leader, Kem Sokha. The 64-year-old has since been accused of plotting with the U.S. government to overthrow Hun Sen’s Cambodian People’s Party (CPP), which has ruled Cambodia since 1979. Since then, media outlets have been shuttered and civil society activists harassed, especially those with perceived or actual links to the United States. The panel of nine judges also dished out five-year political bans for 118 leading CNRP officials.



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