Wednesday, June 29, 2005

Op-Ed Piece Sent To The New York Times


(I emailed this to oped@nytimes.com for consideration with this message: Please consider publishing this. I think this could be a NYT contribution to peace in Nepal. This viewpoint deserves to be read by the power brokers in DC, and the opinion makers elsewhere.)

Engaging, Not Demonizing The Nepali Maoists Will Bring Peace

Nepal is the number one hot spot on the planet right now: it is not Kashmir, Palestine or Ireland. I could not have seen this coming in 1996 when I left the country for the US for college. The worst case scenario projected into the future is a Nepal that is akin to Pol Pot’s Cambodia that seriously destabilizes a region, South Asia, home to a fifth of humanity. Iraq could end up looking like a picnic.

So who are these Nepali Maoists? What do they want? What are their capabilities? Can there be a safe landing to the insurgency? Can the worst case scenario be avoided? Could these Maoists morph themselves into a major peaceful force for progress?

Do I see the worst case scenario unfolding? Yes, as much as I see the United States sending a “manned” mission to Mars. It could happen, but it is not going to happen, not any time soon. Maoism is an open book ideology. And a communist republic is a stated goal of the Maoists, but then so is a manned mission to Mars for the US government. Some groups like to describe their goals in utopian terms.

The western media and governments make the cardinal mistake of basing their knowledge and understanding of the Nepali Maoists on what literature is available on the Cambodian and the Peruvian Maoists, even Mao and Stalin. That prevents them from seeing the Nepali Maoists for who they really are, more a product of Nepal's specific social conditions than the bookish Maoist ideology. Yes, they are violent, but then the French revolution for liberty, the American war of independence from British imperialism, and the American civil war to end slavery were all violent, not that the Maoist violence in Nepal has clear and total parallel to those events, and not that I personally see violence as a legitimate political weapon.

What do the Nepali Maoists want? They want an all-party interim government that will hold elections to a Constituent Assembly to draft a democratic constitution for a country that never really had democracy. It is for that idea in the case of Iraq that the US has spent upwards of 200 billion dollars and thousands of American lives. If Iraq had its “Maoists,” the US would not have had to part ways with all that money, all those lives.

But will the Maoists disarm before elections to such an Assembly is held? I don’t know. But that is the pre-condition the other two forces in Nepal, the democrats and the Monarchists, have to lay down. After elections are held, and multi-party democracy is introduced, what will the Maoists do to attain their goal of a communist republic? Their chief ideologue Dr. Baburam Bhattarai has repeatedly said that it is their “scientific, objective” analysis of Nepal’s socio-economic conditions that what Nepal needs right now is a democratic republic. The country will have to go through a few decades of “bourgeoise” democracy before it becomes “ripe” for a communist republic. And even then the attempt will be a peaceful transformation of the state. So, yes, the Maoists do intend to go to Mars, but it might not happen in your lifetime or mine, or that of any Maoist leader at the helm today.

Instead Nepal has a king with a dismal record. Before he ascended to the throne, the Maoists had infested a few isolated districts, and the insurgency had cost maybe 2,000 lives. After he took over and started experimenting, the insurgency has spread to more than 70 of Nepal’s 75 districts, and has cost an additional 10,000 lives.

And you have democrats, the parliamentary parties that danced to the tune of the limited democracy in the 1990s, who seem to be singularly incapable of a sustained, democratic dialogue among themselves and within their parties, leaders who admit the solution to the civil war is political and not military, and yet refuse to engage the Maoists in a respectful dialogue.

A Constituent Assembly is the only legitimate meeting point for the three forces on Nepal’s political landscape, the only lasting solution to the civil war. The force that is most reluctant to accept that reality is the force most responsible for the ongoing conflict, and that force is the Monarchists. Polls show such an Assembly will retain the monarchy, though in a strictly constitutional, ceremonial fashion, as it ought to be: anything else is undemocratic. Nepal is no Musharraf territory. But instead Nepal has a king who is bent on being “active,” and “constructive,” a king who likes to meddle, the country can go to hell.

Only such an Assembly will address the grievances of the DaMaJaMa coalition of the oppressed: Dalit, Madhesi, Janajati, Mahila, namely the low-caste, the people in the southern plains, the Sherpa, Tamang, Magar, Gurung, Rai and Limbu of the hills, and the women. Such a liberation has been something the Monarchists have been against, and the political parties of the 1990s have only paid lip service to.

But instead of pressuring the king towards such an Assembly and telling the Maoists they can have it but only if they agree to disarm beforehand, the western media and powers have been spending most of their energies demonizing the Nepali Maoists. Sure there are extremists among Maoists who could justify such demonizations, but then how fair would it be to judge the Republican and the Democratic parties in the US based on the viewpoints of their in-house extreme right and the extreme left elements? The two most influential Maoists are both for a Constituent Assembly, and that is what they have to be taken for.

Nepal should move towards a Constituent Assembly that will turn the country into a vibrant multi-party democracy with a constitutional monarchy. That is the only road to peace. The best case scenario is such a development could herald a major era of social progress and economic growth in the region.

(Paramendra Bhagat, a New Yorker, is engaged in the peace process in Nepal primarily through his blog http://demrepubnepal.blogspot.com)
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Tuesday, June 28, 2005

So Much For Hindutva, Hindu Kingdom, And Hindu King


Now the BJP in India has come out for sealing the Nepal-India border. Looks like some common ground has emerged between the ultra "nationalists" in Nepal and the second largest party in India.

Sure this is election talk for the all-impotant forthcoming elections in Bihar. But then all talk by parties in democracies is election talk. It has to be taken seriously.

This also shows the BJP is not buying the line that the Nepali Maoists were not involved in the recent Maoist attack in Bihar.

I don't know one way or the other on that particular topic, but if the Nepali Maoists were involved, they are following in the king's footsteps of 2/1: opening up fights on several fronts at once.

Even a military power like the US admist it can only fight two and a half wars at any one point in time.

The king since 2/1 has been fighting three "wars." With the Maoists, the democrats, and the international community.

Phone Talk With Rajendra Mahto In Delhi

Audio Clips, My Reflections: Part 1, Part 2, Part 3.

In The News
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Make It Official: International Conference In Delhi


The political center of gravity has already shifted to Delhi from Kathmandu. All worthwhile political dialogue on Nepal has taken place in Delhi since 2/1. Might as well make it official.

Let the international players bring the three parties together. In Delhi.
  1. Paris Peace Accord 1973 - Text of The Agreement
  2. Cambodia: Peace Agreements Digital Collection-United States ...
  3. Safeguarding Peace: Cambodia's Constitutional Challenge
  4. A/RES/45/3. The situation in Cambodia
In The News
  • India ready to help end crises: Thapa Kathmandu Post, Nepal Indian Foreign Secretary Shyam Saran ..... The meeting lasted for nearly two-and-a-half hours at the Grand Hyatt suite, where Thapa is staying.... It is up to the parties in Nepal, India can't do anything..... the need to immediately start dialogue between the palace and parties so as to take on the bigger challenge: resolution of the Maoist insurgency through peace negotiations..... Delhi is also believed to have started back-channel diplomacy with the rebel Maoists last month
  • Surrendered Maoist commit suicide in army cell Kantipur Online, Nepal the third time that the Maoist had killed oneself while being detained at the security detention in the past seven months.... hung himself by the wire in his own room, while the sentry had gone to toilet.... Rayamajhi, however, had been refusing to go home and had asked not to call his parents..... the difficulties he would have to face after being released
  • Autocracy cannot take us ahead: Nepal Kantipur political parties should not harbor any illusion that the nation cannot move without monarchy..... democracy and monarchy cannot go together.... If reconciliation doesn't take place any time soon, the Maoists may prevail
  • Shortage of IC hits market Kathmandu Post, Nepal a massive rise in illegal imports of gold and silver from India was the main reason behind the current problem.... gold is cheaper by Rs 150 per tola (about 11.50 gram) in the Indian market and also silver is cheaper by Rs 200 per kg
  • Conference for a fair deal Kathmandu Post, Nepal Given the adamant attitude of our leaders of all sorts, there is no escape from getting ensnared in New Delhi.....Thanks to the violent conflict, we lost peace. Thanks to our leaders, we lost freedom. Thanks to further political conflict, we lost democracy. A further deepening of conflict can result in a loss of what we have not yet lost. That is monarchy and national independence. In that sequence, it is the institution of monarchy that stands most vulnerable..... he opened battles in all fronts at one go against the Maoists, the political parties and the international community...... he may prefer to break, if inevitable, rather than to bend and compromise ..... Kathmandu is quiet but Nepal is not ..... In terms of political negotiations and peace exploration too, Kathmandu is equally quiet; but, in this process, it has conceded its central role, more pronouncedly since the royal take-over, to New Delhi..... king could not visit New Delhi for technical reasons before the royal action in February and for political reasons after it...... countervailing visits by Nepali leaders like Girija Prasad Koirala, Bamdev Gautam, Hridesh Tripathi and a string of second-ranking leaders pleading for end of the direct rule of the king...... Equally effectively it can threaten to witchhunt the Maoists in India to bring them to sense...... India is not alone to handle the Nepali affairs. It is actually acting on behalf of big powers like the US and the UK. Even China has also been kept well informed...... better to hold an international conference on Nepal like the one on Cambodia, East Timor, Afghanistan and Iraq
  • SC seeks reply from Home Minister Kathmandu Post, Nepal The minister is required to reply to the court within seven days
  • Extend help to HM, Camp urges political parties Gorkhapatra, Nepal Camp said that Nepal’s future was bright and the US would continue to assist Nepal in its fight against terrorism...... the government was eagerly awaiting for some high level visits from the US
  • Rebels seize children as recruits in Nepalese civil war Telegraph.co.uk, UK Last month about 4,500 pupils, aged between nine and 15, were marched from their schools in five districts and forced to attend a Maoist rally where they were exhorted to abandon their education and join the revolution, according to witnesses. It was the first event of a six-month children's campaign planned by the rebels....... they were marched for between four and five days each way to attend the three-hour rally .... had never left their home villages before, spoke with excitement of seeing buses, cars and motorcycles for the first time in their lives ..... more than 12,000 people have died, including 10,000 since the end of 2001 .... "They don't know reality, and basically they are attracted by the 'cultural shows' [the singing and dancing propaganda troupes that tour schools]. And some of the children are very much interested to play with guns and they imitate the older ones." ...... girls, who are typically forced into arranged marriages at a young age in rural Nepal, were easily seduced into joining the Maoists by talk of women's rights...... families are often more willing to hand over their daughters to Maoist recruitment teams than their sons, who are considered more valuable...... ''They organise militia in every school, they are called the 'baseline army.''
  • Cop missing after fresh police-Maoists encounter Times of India, India the second round of encounter between members of the CPI (Maoist) and the security forces — the district police, Special Task Force (STF) and Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB) — on Monday at village Piprahi Sultan under Bargainia police station in Sitamarhi district...... another encounter had taken place between the police and a group of Maoists near the Nepal border.
  • Deuba cleared of graft slur Calcutta Telegraph, India ... was against standard procedure but did not amount to corruption
  • Acquitted from one graft charge, Nepal’s ex-PM continues ... United We Blog, Nepal The Commission that has the extra-judicial right to accuse, try and give verdict in a case sensed that it’s decision to sentence Deuba and the company will have far reaching consequences to the royal government. That decision would have backfired ..... RCCC is a political arm of this government, it is expected that the game of harassment will continue in the days to come.
  • Trauma treatment should be integral to Nepal's human rights ... ReliefWeb (press release), Switzerland Torture, extrajudicial killings, disappearances and other abuses often result in severe trauma for victims and their families. This trauma outlives the violation, leaving an indelible impression on the minds of victims..... National Human Rights Commission had all but ignored this issue even prior to the February 21, 2005 coup.....
  • NEPAL: Journalists stage nationwide protests Asia Pacific Media Network, CA
  • Nepal king to celebrate birthday without son:- Webindia123, India there will be one important absentee at the royal bash besides opposition leaders - Crown Prince Paras.....
  • Leaders say collaboration with Maoists impossible PeaceJournalism.com, Nepal Modanath Prasrit said that the Maoists have accelerated murdering unarmed and innocent civilians .... Dr. Narayan Khadka of NC (Democratic) warned the political parties that some invisible power is conspiring to bring the political parties and the Maoists together for their personal interest .... the duel nature of considering the Maoists as friendly power in some occasion and viewing them as the terrorists in other is complicating the crisis
  • Nepal: Deepening Uncertainty Amid US Dilemma PeaceJournalism.com, Nepal to the United States: Reverberations of the Cold War-era Red Scare have combined with the imperatives of the ongoing War on Terror.... anxiety has deepened in the aftermath of King Gyanendra’s February 1 takeover of full executive powers ..... Amid the suspension of the democratic process and the curbing of civil liberties, including press freedom, it is understandable that a section of the U.S. government should feel the need to isolate the royal regime.... India and Britain -- responded to the royal takeover with a formal suspension of military assistance, the United States has demonstrated greater recognition of the realities on the ground...... Condoleezza Rice has said, the royal takeover will “crystallize” events.... The Maoists have suffered huge battlefield losses and deep rifts have weakened their political organization. The mainstream political parties, on the other hand, have moved closer toward recognizing the Maoists’ demands for radical changes in the polity...... Through sustained military pressure from the royal government and political encouragement from the mainstream parties, the Maoists might be willing to submit to peaceful methods of resolving the deep political, economic and social inequalities underlying the insurgency..... The kingdom stands to gain immensely as a potential transit point for trade between the two Asian giants. U.S. investment in Nepal's vast hydropower potential could target the huge markets China and India provide. Once peace is restored, Nepal could hope to regain its position as a leading destination for tourists and trekkers..... pattern of allowing the Europeans and the Chinese to mediate in the Iranian and North Korean nuclear crises ..... Indian interests in Nepal are primarily guided by that country's own perceptions and imperatives. Some, including those relating to Nepal’s vast water resources, are viewed with considerable suspicion in Nepal..... China has skillfully deployed economic incentives to draw Bangladesh, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka into its strategic orbit.... they all shun the Dalai Lama to Beijing's delight ..... they speak with one voice for Beijing's entry into the SAARC – to the palpable annoyance of New Delhi ..... Nothing should preclude the United States -- whose diplomatic relations with Nepal predates both Indian independence and the establishment of the People’s Republic of China – from constructing its own set of coherent and realistic policies aimed encouraging the kingdom to emerge as a strong, peaceful and prosperous democracy in South Asia.
  • Their Royal Highnesses to visit Japan, South Korea Gorkhapatra, Nepal
  • ‘‘Can't bid adieu to Nepal’’ Michael Gill Kathmandu Post, Nepal every time Gill returned to his motherland, he always found an excuse to come back to Nepal..... He thinks every stakeholder in this country should rise above one's own interest. "The far right and the far left and everyone in the middle should come together, forgetting personal interests" .... Nepal was certainly a peaceful country; but there also existed a great deal of injustice..... "The Maoists have asked many right questions, but they don't have the answers"..... "I think I'll come back. I've bought roundtrip tickets"
  • Nepal: Measuring the economic costs of conflict - The effect of ... ReliefWeb (press release), Switzerland Economic growth slowed to an average of 1.9% over the FY2002-04 period compared to 4.9% in the decade preceding that...... economic disruptions have increased and development expenditures have decline sharply..... Measuring the Economic Costs of Conflict: the Effect of Declining Development Expenditures on Nepal’s Economic Growth...... physical infrastructures worth at least $ 250 million have been destroyed..... strikes, security checks, blockades, shutdowns, and extortion have increased the costs of economic activity..... 400,000 rural families have been internally displaced while thousands others have crossed over to India..... private investment rate(2) has declined from 15.4% in 1996 to 12.6% in 2004..... Government development expenditures stood at about 6% of GDP in FY2004, down from 9% of GDP in FY2001.... government security expenditures almost doubled from 1.6% to 3% of GDP ..... GDP per capita declines at an annual rate of 2.2 per cent relative to its counterfactual during civil wars ..... war directly reduces production and partly because it causes a gradual loss of the capital stock due to destruction, dissaving, and the substitution of portfolios abroad....... for conflicts after 1990, real GDP growth was 12.3 percentage points below normal..... civil wars reduce growth mainly by depleting the domestic capital stock in its various forms..... costs of conflict at 8-10% of GDP...... at US$66.2 billion for the 1996 to 2003 period..... 1% increase in development expenditure results in 1.57% increase in private fixed investment, 0.65% increase in public fixed investment, and 0.18% increase in public consumption..... the government investment may have multiplier effects on private sector...... A decline in development expenditure reduces government consumption, government investment and private investment -- lowering GDP growth...... FY2005-FY2009 ...... If the conflict intensifies and development expenditures decline at twice the current rate, total GDP growth lost is 10.3% - an average loss of 2.1% points of growth per annum...... the 3% overall growth loss observed for the FY2001-2004 period...... up to 57% of the loss in economic growth could be due to the decline in development expenditures..... the annual costs increase with each successive year of conflict. This is because the effects of decline in development expenditures accumulate each year, affecting GDP growth more as the conflict lengthens........ the effects of the conflict on GDP growth will persist well after the conflict is over, as low development spending during the conflict will have lowered the economy’s capital stock and development expenditures will take time to recover fully...... Nepal has benefited from a steady flow of remittances from overseas economies...... GDP per capita is forecast to be 7.8% lower over the FY2005-09 period in the conflict scenario than the no-conflict scenario......a poverty rate 4.8% higher than the no-conflict scenario.......
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Monday, June 27, 2005

Deuba: The Common Sense Meter


Deuba has been exonerated on one major graft charge. The regime just scored a major point. I mean, it was basically the Asian Development Bank's words versus some Monarchist puppets.

But it is a mystery he continues to be detained.

A second charge? If there is a Prime Minster Relief Fund, it is for the Prime Minister to decide where that money goes. It is discretion. And if the Prime Minister sends that money in all the wrong directions, that should be public knowledge, and the voters should punish the Prime Minister by throwing him or her out at the ballot box. Or if the very idea of the Fund is offensive, it should be gotten rid of by an act of the parliament. A Prime Minister who doled money out of a Prime Minster Relief Fund should not have to answer to an extra-constitutional body such as the RCCC. His case should have been taken up by the existing, constitutional CIAA with a govenment that was constitutional.

But, my bad. I misunderstood. He has been cleared of the charges to do with the Fund. So now it actually is the ADB's words versus that of the RCCC.

The RCCC's very formation is unwont. Its functioning even more so. The principle of separation of powers is routinely violated, the body has the powers of a court. Suspects are asked to speak against themselves and are punished when they don't. That violates another basic principle. It is to do with one not having to incriminate oneself.

The RCCC is power gone berserk. That is why the ideology of Monarchism stinks. It espouses unaccountable power.

I could write a few easy paragraphs criticizing Deuba. But that stays within the paradigm of democracy. No Deuba shortcoming is an argument against democracy.

On the other hand, I could say some positive things about him as well. But no praise puts him above the people. Let Deuba and the likes of him be subject to the ballot box.

Corruption is a valid issue, and the Congress as the party in power for most of the post-1990 period has to take some major responsibility, but the recourse is more democracy and rule of law. There is no other recourse.

Email From Arzu Rana Deuba
Gagan Thapa Arrested, Deuba Re-Arrested

In The News
  • Former Nepal PM, six others cleared of graft charges Hindustan Times, India .... Deuba, detained since April-end, will continue to remain in detention till the agency pronounces a verdict on a second charge ... "The truth has finally prevailed. Justice has been done," said a triumphant Arju Deuba, wife of the leader ...... The entire country as well as international community has been closely watching the two cases ...... "Though it might not have been appropriate, it was a decision taken by the cabinet," commission officials said. "Collective cabinet decisions do not fall within Nepal's Corruption Act." ..... The charged ministers had defended themselves saying the cabinet had authorised the distribution of the money and cabinet decisions were above the law...... The Deuba cabinet had also authorised Nepalese Rs 12 million to the king's aunt, Princess Helen...... granting of extraordinary allowances by the present government to two of the deputy chairmen of the council of ministers....... attributed the commission's decision to "intense public pressure" .... charged with awarding a contract at inflated rates to a party member.
  • Sacked Nepal PM cleared of graft charge Reuters AlertNet
  • Sacked Nepal PM wins graft ruling 999 Today
  • Nepal former PM wins graft ruling Journal of Turkish Weekly
  • Rebels Free 90 Students Abducted in Nepal Guardian Unlimited, UK Rebels typically hold abductees only for two or three days... the rebels have been abducting large groups of students in remote villages to teach them about their nine-year revolution.... About 250 students were taken from a nearby village on June 15 and sent back three days later.
  • Rebels abduct 90 students from Nepal village China Daily
  • 12 die in Nepal ambush News24, South Africa
  • Security officers killed in Maoist clash Radio Australia
  • 12 security personnel killed in Nepal violence Sify, India
  • Maoists hurt 17 security personnel in Nepal:- Webindia123
  • US envoy to discuss Nepal crisis BBC News, UK
  • Bihar Maoists have sneaked into Nepal: Indian police Kantipur Online, Nepal a red alert along Nepal-India border in Parsa-Rautahat area, after a group of about 50 heavily-armed Maoists sneaked into Nepal from Bairgania area..... were involved in last Thursday night’s daring raid on Madhuban .... ‘Operation Dhamaka’ .... The Maoists attacked their targets with precision and resistance.... one of the pamphlets recovered from the site read ‘Seize property of reactionary country, India, and distribute it to the poor’..... very well coordinated; and it was strikingly similar to the myriad of recent Maoist attacks on security installations in the northern neighbour..... the ‘compact revolutionary zone’ stretching up to Andhra Pradesh in South India.... Across India, 160 districts in 12 states are considered as Maoist affected, and intelligence officials say more new districts are being affected by the threat. The rise in Maoist activities is considered as India’s ‘No 1 national security threat’.
  • Delhi junks Nepal link in strike Calcutta Telegraph Senior intelligence officials in the capital have voiced doubts over the involvement of Maoists from Nepal in Thursday’s daylight attack on a small border hamlet ..... “Only a foolish leadership will get involved in joint raids with its counterparts across the border” ..... Maoists from Nepal continue to use the bordering states for shelter and treatment.
  • 2 killed as police, Naxals clash on Nepal border Indian Express
  • A Refutation Of Harper's Article On The Maoits by Li Onesto INSN the May 2005 issue of Harper’s magazine .... contributes to a growing mountain of harmful disinformation..... in areas run by new revolutionary governments, they are radically changing the economic, political, and cultural life of millions of poor peasants .....a center set up only for “victims of Maoist torture” (no victims of the RNA) ...... Sweeping censorship and systematic disinformation by the Nepalese government have had a huge impact on people’s opinions and what they know and don’t know about the Maoists, not only internationally but within Nepal itself .... a journalist who left the Maoists, was imprisoned and tortured by the government and now writes for a Maoist newspaper..... the People’s Liberation Army is made up of tens of thousands of common peasants who are not “caught in the middle” but have joined the insurgency...... In Nepal over 85% of the people are peasants in the countryside, desperately poor, malnourished, and exploited by corrupt officials, landlords, and moneylenders. Lower castes and oppressed ethnic groups face systematic discrimination under a rigid caste system. Women are intensely suppressed and treated as inferior in every facet of society. A king controls the army and an oppressive monarchy is deeply embedded in the ruling structures of society. The whole country is subordinate to, dependent on, and dominated by India and imperialist countries like the U.S............. Nepal’s ruling class has not and cannot solve the basic problems of food, water, sanitation, and health care because this requires tearing up the existing economic, social, and political relationships within Nepalese society and between Nepal and other countries..... In areas they control real changes are taking place: redistribution of land, equal rights for women, end to the caste system, autonomy for oppressed ethnic groups, healthcare, education and the building of roads and bridges......... the composition of the PLA squads and platoons...... overwhelmingly made up of those on the very bottom of society—lower castes, ethnic minorities, peasant youth and many, many young women........ People like Griswold may talk about government repression, deep poverty, and powerlessness among the poor. But they don’t uphold the right of the people to really struggle against any of this..... Feudal traditions like arranged marriages, dowries, and polygamy ..... women’s bodies are owned, controlled, and bargained over in everything from marriage to sex trafficking...... the tyranny of local landlords, corrupt politicians, and moneylenders...... Extremely significant and liberating changes are taking place in the Maoist base areas..... in the Maoist areas caste distinctions have been abolished and intercaste marriages are common....... the Maoists have real support. ...... “The Maoists do not force anybody to fight. How can anyone force a man or woman to fire a gun? You need courage, dedication and spirit of sacrifice to become a fighter in the People’s Liberation Army. It’s not like playing video war games on a computer. It’s a life and death struggle. Only the most courageous men and women can prepare themselves to fight for revolution. There is a saying in Nepal that ‘a carried dog cannot hunt a deer.’” ....... How could the Maoists have achieved their current military and political strength without the genuine support and participation of thousands who believe in the goals of the revolution and on this basis are willing to go into battle and risk their lives? ........ video, photographs, and reports of massive Maoist rallies in the countryside ..... During the 2003 negotiations 30,000 people attended a Maoist rally in Kathmandu ...... the RNA has engaged in battles where they faced thousands of guerrilla fighters .... RNA soldiers and police captured by the Maoists have told reporters that while they had to listen to propaganda and were asked to join the revolution, they were not harmed. They were warned that if they were captured again, they would be severely punished, but they were given money and food so that they could go back to their village instead of returning to the RNA....... The vast majority of the 12,000 killed since the start of the war have been civilians murdered by the Royal Army, along with suspected revolutionaries also tortured and murdered...... Moriarty says, “It’s not Islamic fundamentalism, obviously. but it is a very fervent brand of Maoism that could cause great trouble in this area. They’ve said they’re going to invade the United States. I’m not too worried about that, but you ignore what they say at your own peril. You can’t pooh-pooh the Maoists and the threat that they represent.” ...... this little lie is part of a bigger lie—that the Maoists in Nepal are terrorists, so backing the regime in Nepal is part of the “war on terror.” ...... liberal Harper’s ...... we come to the conclusion: one side should be crushed—the Maoists......
  • RCCC asked to take action against Giri, Bista NepalNews “Is it fair that Dr Giri take Rs 960,000 and Bista take Rs 1 million through a Cabinet decision?” Dahal asked
  • Building peace amid violent conflict in Nepal by Kamala Sarup NepalNews ..... it’s time to invite the Maoists for peace talks ..... The Maoists' struggle may even spill over to Bhutan. .... The effects of the on-going violent conflict in Nepal have been enormous both in terms of economic loss and human suffering.
  • Maoist raid in Bihar has Nepal stamp on it Newindpress, India "They could be wary of the fallout, perhaps why they don't want to admit to such an operation'' ..... Told to raise his hands, he was shot in the palms..... The attack on Madhuban was the first of its kind, attacking multiple targets in broad daylight. Usually, Naxals attack one target, that too under the cover of darkness.... Their planning had military precision, they started the offensive at 1.15 pm and ended it at 1.25 pm.... Bands of 20-25, many of them women, attacked each target while other groups cordoned off the town..... The Maoists were carrying wireless sets through which they were receiving orders from Mainuddin, their zonal commander who was killed in the encounter that followed.... "When our house was being attacked, one person stood outside the gate. When a pistol got jammed, a back-up team provided a new one. Some were ready with stretchers to carry away the wounded, others were only operating walkie-talkies''.... signs of increasing cooperation between Maoists on both sides
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Sunday, June 26, 2005

For Democrats Reinventing Self More Important Than Any Alliance With Maoists



For months after 2/1 the Nepali Congress was still not for a Constituent Assembly. That proves it was not any kind of royal pressure but its own inherent status quoism that the Nepali Congress refused to do business with the Maoists during the 1996-2002 period so as to make possible a safe landing for them so as to bring them into the mainstream. During several rounds of peace talks, the Congress refused to go beyond some mere cosmetic changes to the 1990 constitution.

Those among the seven parties that might have been desirous of the idea of a Constituent Assembly stayed complacent, and let Girija Koirala call the shots. I remember one news clipping of a meeting of the NC central committee. The majority spoke in favor of an Assembly. Girija kept quiet during the meeting. Two days later he spoke at a public event. He was against the idea of an Assembly, and so that was to be the party line!

That is not democratic. It should not have been Girija but the majority in the NC central committee that should have decided the party line.

The biggest reason the democrats are not getting as much public support as they should is because they keep hinting they want to go back to the 1990s. October 2002 to date has been the worst period of governance since 1990, no doubt, and the post 2/1 period has been a fiasco. But the 1990s were not really a great democratic period. And the democrats need to face that fact head on.

I read in the news that Girija met with the king for two hours before he went on his Delhi pilgrimage. I am all for dialogue. I think all political players should meet each other on a regular basis. But if the king were to sense he can break up the democratic coalition any time he wants to by giving a few select concessions, he has little incentive to comply.

As they say, know they enemy, not that I see the king as an enemy, but he is a political opponent of the democrats, sure. There are a few conclusions I draw from his public acts.

One, he is a fairly smart guy. He is not particularly charismatic. But he takes pride in mastering administrative details. He is not an idealist. He is a realist. He does not expect the army top brass and his underlings to respond to him because he is king. Instead he doles out money, because money works. One of the first things he did after he became an activist monarch was to give himself a major pay raise. This guy can smell money from a hundred miles away.

Two, he is not going to do the Birendra thing, pick up his binoculars, and see people in the streets, and give in. Right before Deuba was inducted back in the second time, there were major street protests going on. He defused the sitution by holding "consultations" for a month. And he did manage to split the democratic coalition. Girija at that time had declared Deuba a persona non grata. To him personal vendetta was more important than the democratic cause. The king conveniently made use of that split. First of all, the "movement" is nowhere close to that boiling point. Second, even if it gets there, the king will attempt to similarly defuse the situation, divide and rule. So the democrats need a strategy to get to that boiling point, and then they need a clear strategy to keep the democratic coalition intact. To their credit, their program is simpler and much clearer this time around. A four point agenda is an easier rallying point than a 18 point one. On the other hand, there also has to be a Plan B. What if the endgame gets complicated? What if the end is not a peaceful negotiation among the three forces? What if it is more like a revolution and the king gets thrown out and exiled? What is the democrats' gameplan for that? How will they stay center stage when that happens?

The four point agenda is a major step of progress. Girija traded the idea for a Constituent Assembly to stay put with his idea of parliamentary revival. But the four point agenda has to be kept alive and breathing. There has to be a willingness to constantly face reality. To revise strategy as circumstances change. Finetune as you go along.

The democrats' singular aversion to hitting back amazes me. If you don't respond, the mud sticks.

The king says the democrats have been corrupt. What do the democrats say to that? Nothing. Instead point out all the money the monarchy took from the people over centuries, the current king's major pay raise, the money doled out to the army top brats, the massive increase in the military budget, and now both Tulsi Giri and Kirti Nidhi Bishta have emerged major punching bags on the issue. But no. The democrats are not hitting back. Instead they just repeat the four point agenda like a mantra.

The king says the democrats have not dealt with the Maoists good enough. What do the demcrats say in response? Nothing. Instead point out it is the king's aversion to the idea of a Constituent Assembly that is the greatest roadblock to peace. Point out the insurgency shot through the roof after he started experimenting with his idea of a "constructive" monarchy. Just look at the spread of the insurgency nationwide, and look at the death figures, and of human rights violations and disappearances. His has been a reign of terror.

So when you get hit, you hit back.

More important, the democrats need to repackage themselves, reinvent themselves. If democracy in future is going to be same old, same old, there is little incentive for the people to come out in support.

Sure there was some massive corruption in the 1990s. What do the demcrats propose now that will make the situation different in the future? What are the democrats going to do about inner party democracy? This is a major sticking point. Girija has got to be the most undemocratic democrat there is. If you are a Congress person, the party line is decided when the guy addresses a public gathering, not at the central committee meeting. He is the guy who gives you a ticket to contest elections, or not. He is the one who gives you money for the election. That arrangement is ridiculous. He would rather the party split than reform and split it did. How does that make his mentality substantially different from that of King G? King G deems to speak on behalf of all Nepali people, Girija deems to speak on behalf of all NC people. Democracy is where people themselves speak on their behalf.

The reform has to be carried out now. Before the movement can gain momentum. Progress does not depend on what the king or the Maoists do. It depends on the democrats' willingness to do some basic homework.

I gladly offer my Proposed Constitution as a starting point to such discussions.

Comments At Sajha.
Comments At SEBS.

In The News
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Saturday, June 25, 2005

A King Who Intends To Stay The Course


Tulsi Giri messes up big time, and the king reacts by rewarding a million rupees to Bishta. This guy is nowhere close to getting out of the way. He will play the game to the hilt. The seven parties better gear up for a sophisticated response. Minor street protests here and there will not do. There has to be a war of words that can only come forth if the seven were to engage in an open, intense, public dialogue on a future constitution. The royal intransigence could swell the republican ranks further. The party leaderships could hold the tide for only so long.

In The News
  • Fierce clashes in Arghakhanchi NepalNews gunbattle that started from around 8:00 a.m. Saturday was still going on until 6 in the evening ...... 5k.m west of the district headquarters, Sandikharka
  • Maoists deny their hand in Madhubani attack NepalNews It is not our party’s policy to launch joint attacks within India
  • Five rebels, one security man killed in Bardiya NepalNews overnight clashes ...... Maoist insurgents traveling in a vehicle attacked security personnel manning Rambhapur check post in the Royal Bardiya National Park and also tried to enter the security base. Gun battle lasted for several hours until early Saturday..... 25 km north from district headquarter, Guleriya, along the East-West highway ...... insurgents had blocked the highway, and caused explosions near district hedquarters to bar security reinforcements from reaching the are
  • Vivid account of Maoist attack in bordering Indian town NepalNews the Maoists, dressed in olive green uniforms and red headbands, were heavily armed.
  • Govt provides Rs 1m ‘allowance’ to vice-chairman Bista NepalNews for housing allowance ...... Existing rules bar the government from allocating more than Rs.100,000, for housing purposes, to ministers who live outside official quarters. However, the post of the vice-chairman is not envisioned by the current constitution. As stated in the existing rule, cabinet members who stay in their own residences are not entitled to such allowance. Bista is staying at his own residence house...... for the renovation of his Gyaneshwore home.
  • Constructive Suggestions Spotlight ..... helping “the government prepare national position and strategy for a three-day conference of 31 least developed countries (LDCs) to be held in Livingstone, Zambia in the last week of June and to prepare their negotiation strategy for the Sixth Ministerial Conference of the WTO to be held at Hong Kong from 13-18 December 2005.” ..... agriculture, non-agriculture market access, intellectual property rights, trade facilitation, environment, development dimensions, intellectual property rights and services...... “need-based” and effective technical assistance and capacity building in order to help LDCs in general and Nepal in particular take advantage of market opening offered by WTO membership as well as through various preferential arrangements ...... stop subsidy on agriculture; eliminate Non Tariff Barriers (NTBs); bind various preferential trade facilities as well as EBA (Everything But Arms) initiative by the EU at the WTO; push transit as a right; demand effective technical assistance to address SPS (Sanitary and Phytosanitary); allow free movement of natural persons in all categories (skill, semi-skilled and unskilled); expedite the process of reconciliation between TRIPS (Trade-related aspects of Intellectual Property Rights) and CBD (Convention on Biodiversity); restrict patenting of life forms; recognize National Certification System; and so on..... five priority areas include Agriculture negotiations; Special & Differential Treatment for LDCs; Non-Agricultural Market Access; Trade in Services; and Trade Facilitation in that order....... access to market of developing countries are equally, if not more, important than that of developed countries...... issues close to LDCs like agriculture and labor get low priority in WTO discussions
  • 23rd ANA convention in Texas Kantipur the theme ‘Peace and Unity for Prosperity’
  • Sharp Rise In Urban Prices, GDP Slides Further Kantipur growth rate for this current fiscal year further down to 2.1 percent .. less than half of the budgetary target of about 4.5 percent. ..... Urban Consumer Price Index, the CPI, a macroeconomic indicator that measures prices in urban areas, will rise by 4.3 percent to 161.5 by the end of the fiscal year in mid-July ..... exacerbated by the increase in prices of petroleum products—which have increased by an average of 35.7 percent this year—and the increase in the rate of Value Added Tax from 10 to 13 percent .... index of sugar and related products moved up by 28.2 percent.
  • Giri Ignores Loan Settlement Deadline Kantipur The bank, that had blacklisted Giri as a loan defaulter, had sent a letter asking him to comply with the necessary procedures to settle his loan dues by Friday ..... In the letter sent by NBL Chief Executive Officer Craig McAllister, the bank had warned that it would be compelled to take action against Giri in the same vein as it takes action against other wilful defaulters, if the deadline is not met..... Giri would have to pay Rs.13.5 million out of total due amount of Rs.17.4 million.
  • Members' Appointment Legal: NHRC Kantipur NHRC’s clarification comes at a time when there has been growing criticism from national and international human rights organization over its formation..... “It was rather a compulsion to appoint the members through ordinance in the absence of the Parliament.”
  • Fifteen killed as security forces and rebels clash in eastern ... Forbes .... skirmish occurred when a group of rebels attacked a 90-strong security force team searching for Maoists who had been involved in a similar clash with troops earlier this week in a nearby area..... a bomb exploded overnight at private educational institute, the Nobel Academy, on the outskirts of Kathmandu, causing damage to a building and a school bus
  • US warns against unecessary travel in Nepal Reuters AlertNet, UK defer non-essential travel to Nepal and advised against road travel in areas outside of the Kathmandu Valley ..... the Maoists might attempt to attack or take actions specifically against U.S. citizens
  • Seminar on North Korean leader held in Nepal Monsters and Critics.com, UK A seminar on leader Kim Jong-il's famous work "On Preserving the Juche [self-reliance] Character and National Character of the Revolution and Construction" was held in Nepal on 15 June on the occasion of the 41st anniversary of his start of work at the Central Committee of the Korean Workers' Party..... it is time to seek the Juche character and national character in solving the national problem.
  • ‘Bleak future for Nepal’ Kathmandu Post, Nepal
  • PM Relief Fund Case Verdict Likely On Sunday Himalayan Times Hard days could be ahead for former prime minister Sher Bahadur Deuba..... a Royal Commission for Corruption Control (RCCC) official hinted at the possibility of reaching a decision on the relief fund case on Sunday ..... Deuba, however, refused to post bail claiming the amount was distributed to Maoist victims and that he would not respond to the orders of an “unconstitutional” commission....... while the first contractor, Hanel Kaneco, had put up a bid of Rs 450 million for the job, it was awarded to CCENC-Sharma and Lama JV for Rs 950 million ..... The RCCC is doing a “study” on alleged irregularities to the tune of $10,000 by Agriculture Input Corporation...... Department of Health for financial irregularities while awarding tenders, importing vaccines, furniture; the Khotang District Education Office, and other companies. The RCCC’s Birgunj ‘station’ has begun investigation into the National Medical College, Birgunj, for evading VAT of Rs 37 lakh, Multi-ply Aluminium Factory for tax evasion to the tune of Rs 8 lakh. Several private companies in Birgunj have been found to have “illegal electricity connections”.
  • South Side Map Of South Asia
  • Peace Process And The LTTE Split Himal March 2004 The most appropriate feature of political life in a plural and multi-ethnic society is dialogue and compromise.
  • CNN Interview: Mahara November 2002 Video Clip Mahara has been rumored to have been killed twice in encounters with Nepalese armies. He carries a pricetag of $65,000 on his head ..... I agree that in its initial phase, this movement, six to seven years ago, had little support....... we are a political force. This is a people's movement, a people's war. ..... The Nepalese government claims to have killed four thousand Maoists. But the truth is that more than 80 percent of them were innocent civilians...... The allegations that we fight like the Khmer Rouge are absolutely wrong. We are fighting for our cause in our own style. According to the geography, the enemy and the situation of Nepal, we are fighting according to that...... if they said that we were right then there was no need for any war or revolution....... If they listen to us then this fight can stop in a minute...... The ruling class has kept the power away from the people. We have demanded an interim government and constituent assembly. Whatever the people decide we are willing to accept and this is how peace will prevail...... The government is not agreeing to our proposal for a constituent assembly because they know that they'll lose. They just have the support of the army and certain pimps in position of power...... The slogan for constituent assembly is not ours, it is that of the capitalist..... Our slogan has always been people's democracy and new democracy. They know they'll lose that's why they are not even agreeing to our flexible demand........ The reason why the government is opposing talks is that they are preparing for a fully-fledged war..... History has shown that the people always win because the people create history. The rulers just know how to commit atrocities on the people and they create an atmosphere of fear. They can only think of making their army stronger....... The king does not want actual democracy........ the king, he does not want democracy, all he wants is the power for himself....... His strategy is to buy time ..... The king's inner desire is not for democracy ...... some sort of dialogue and interim government..... Apart from this there is no other solution for the king.
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King G And The Concept Of Democracy


The first thing to be noticed is a fundamental disconnect between words and action. The king has consistently paid lip service to the idea of democracy, but he and his underlings have fundamentally violated the very idea. Press freedom is just one example. Suspension of basic rights through ordinances another.

The second is regression. The king is for an activist, constructive monarchy, not a constitutional one. He wants what his elder brother and his father had. He wants to be at the center of it all.

The third is a childish attempt to redefine the very concept of democracy. As if the western nations don't get it either, and the politicians in Nepal definitely don't. It is as if he were playing a mindgame. Since it is 2005, you can not be for autocracy outright, so instead you mangle your nouns and verbs. It is true, democracy is slightly unique in each country, but the fundamentals of democracy and human rights are universal. Either they are there, or they are not. There is not much of a grey zone there.

The fourth is that he is not really fooling anyone. Not the foreign powers. Not the Nepali people. Only his yes men, the discredited individuals of a different era, are consuming his delusional propaganda.

All four points go on to show the king's grabbing of power is fundamentally illegitimate.

There is also an issue of competence. His "activism" has spread the insurgency from three to 70 districts. The overwhelming majority of lives lost to the insurgency has been after he became king. Those numbers have gone worse after 2/1.

As heir to the throne, it is understandable if he wished to save the monarchy. But the choice is between a full democracy and a republic for him.

Democracy has to be earned. In a way Nepal never really had democracy. And now it will have it. But that asks for a movement. And that is underway.

The king started out by trying to sell the terrorism rhetoric to the global audience. That backfired. Now he is selling the corruption rhetoric to the domestic audience. The Asian Development Bank has cleared Deuba's name, but the king thinks otherwise. And so you have a king who is competing with the Asian Development Bank!

And then there are outright lies. "..... throughout the history of over 200 years, the institution of monarchy in nepal has always been guided by the will and consent of the people ..... " "..... totalitarianism and authoritarianism are entirely inconsistent with the Monarchial traditions of the Shah Dynasty....." Oh, really?

Well then why is the king the biggest impediment to the idea of an interim government and a constituent assembly, something that will bring the civil war to an end? The people speak for the people, the king does not speak for the people.

In his February 1 speech, he is after not just the insurgency, but the entire democratic period after 1990. Meaning, he would have done the 2/1 thing also in 1995 if he were king. That is how much he understands and respects and wants democracy. I see a fundamental character flaw. If he were to seriously critique the 1990-2004 period, he would mention things like, well, all the roads that got paved, the vibrant media of the period. Measured in money terms, the royal corruption of expanding the royal budget 10-fold puts all the Congressia corruption to shame.

So no matter which way you look at it, in terms of lives lost, state money gulped down, and basic rights taken away, the dogged royal experiment has been an utter failure.

But then his recent Doha attack on "the decade and half" suggests he has no plans to usher back multi-party democracy on his own. At best he will hold elections if possible, but he does not intend to voluntarily walk away from center stage. In another country, it is called being Musharraf. That guy by now has several parliaments. And guess who shows up for peace talks on Kashmir: Musharraf!

On their part, the seven parties can speed things up by seriously reflecting upon the 1990s, offering fundamental reform in the way the parties work, and getting creative with the movement.
  1. March 2004, Pokhara .... An inherent feature of the Institution of Monarchy is to be guided by popular aspirations .... History is testimony to the strong bond between the king and the people. This intimate relationship is also the cornerstone of Nepalese nationalism. This is the essence of the historical legacy of our great forefathers; this is the source of the distinctive Nepalese psyche. ..... Without wasting any more time on empty rhetoric, concrete measures must now be adopted to realise the Nepalese people's desire for good governance..... it is necessary to adopt, in the greater interest of the country and the countrymen, an attitude free of selfish interests, be they personal or collective....... Multiparty democracy can be consolidated and made meaningful only if national politics, guided by the people's aspirations and dedicated to their welfare, promotes peace, harmony and stability...... We believe that a corruption-free and pro-people form of governance, with elected representatives responsible to the nation and people, can be the basis for a bright and secure future. ...... We are hopeful that necessary cooperation will be forthcoming from all those who have faith in multiparty democracy, including political parties. .... Gorkha, famous as the place where the foundations of the Kingdom of Nepal and Nepalese nationalism were laid ..... let us pledge to develop our motherland into a prosperous state, with democratic norms and values guiding our perceptions and performance.
  2. February 1, 2005 Even when bloodshed, violence and devastation has pushed the country on the brink of destruction, those engaged in politics in the name of the country and people continue to shut their eyes to their welfare. Tussle for power, abuse of authority on gaining power and unhealthy competition in fulfilling personal and communal interests at the expense of the nation and citizenry contributed to the further deterioration in the situation. There were attempts to flout the universally accepted rule of law in the name of politics. ..... Whereas all democratic forces should have adopted an unified approach against terrorism, leaders instead continued their tussle for power, encouraging simple political workers to vandalise public utilities in the name of politics...... Democracy and progress always complement each other. But, Nepal's bitter experiences over the past few years tend to show that democracy and progress contradict one another. Multiparty democracy was discredited by focusing solely on power politics. Parliament witnessed many aberrations in the name of retaining and ousting governments. Not a single House of Representatives was allowed to complete its tenure. Continuous confusion and disorder resulted in the obstruction of the democratic process. While the people's aspirations continued to be shattered and their trust trampled on, they became increasingly disenchanted with democracy itself. After being incapable of holding elections, there were conspiracies to form undemocratic governments, which would be responsible to no one. There was also a written consensus amongst all political parties on vacuuming the people's representatives out but they could not see eye to eye when it came to working together in filling this void...... We also met a number of times with members of the general public, senior citizens, representatives of the civil society and leaders of political parties in our effort to gauze the popular mandate and try to convince them of the country's requirements and people's aspirations. .... opportunities were given to leaders of various political parties to constitute the Council of Ministers, with executive power...... National politics was plagued by not uniting in running the government but opposing it on being ousted from it. .... The habit of passing carefree remarks on matters of national security continued. Political parties were unable to display responsible behavior in augmenting the patriotic fervour of our dutiful security personnel, who are active round the clock in ensuring security of the nation and people. Multiparty democrats could not sincerely unite, with national interest as the focal point, to forever end the cycle of devastation being lashed out against the nation and people. Likewise, political parties also could not identify national priorities in keeping with the people's aspirations...... parties who claim to represent the people do not act in their defence...... Nepal's independence, national unity and sovereignty are best safeguarded by the intimate relationship between the King and people. An Institution of Monarchy ever devoted to the country and people and a people with an innate love for their land is the glorious history of the Kingdom of Nepal, its present and also its future. In keeping with this glorious tradition, popular will as always remained the guiding light for Nepal's Monarchy. We are committed to social justice; totalitarianism and authoritarianism are entirely inconsistent with the Monarchial traditions of the Shah Dynasty....... no serious efforts were made towards initiating elections to the House of Representatives within the year 2061 B.S. .... time was wasted on paying only lip service on the urgency of holding elections...... Only a meaningful multiparty democracy can be an effective means of governance by the people. A successful multiparty democracy alone is synonymous with people's democracy. Such a system, which is people-oriented, mature, cultured and refined, has been disrupted......
  3. Jakarta, April 2005 democracy, globalization, liberalization and a free market economy have been the standard-bearers of the 21st century ..... we must overcome them by forging a regime which is synergized by a spirit of sincere fellow-feeling for our collective interests..... the scourge of terrorism, and with it the spread of international terrorist networks, is a matter of serious concern for all of us today. nepal condemns terrorism in all its forms and manifestations. we call for a resolute international action plan against terrorism in every nook and corner of the globe. sustained international co-operation, including enhanced regional and global initiatives with strong support to national initiatives, is critical in dealing with terrorism. nepal, on her part, will fight it resolutely and responsibly....... the first thing to confront in writing or reading about terrorism is that it often escapes mention, yet it stands as a major obstacle to clear thinking, adequate discussion and objective analysis. one has to think about ugly events, horrifying actions that kill and maim unsuspecting people going about their daily lives. one has to focus on the terrible effects of death, injuries and destruction on those whose worlds and bodies are torn to pieces by senseless explosions. one has to reflect on the people who undertake such inhuman merciless actions, on those who design and plan atrocities actually hoping for deadliest of results. like the victims, like the survivors and like us, terrorists are also human beings. reflecting on terrorist acts is the stuff of blame and tears, raised voices and raised fists, sleepless nights and nightmares. precisely because it engages our deepest feelings and challenges our moral commitments, terrorism takes on a political potency rivaled only by war and by deep-seated ideological or religious differences....... a discarded ideology of an outdated era is sadly brainwashed in their formative minds ...... terrorism and the self-induced inability of the political parties and various governments to rise to the challenge of ever-emboldening terrorists were driving the country to the edge of a precipice. the nation, left with little choice, was compelled to take a decisive course. the decision we took on the first of february this year was in response to the call of our constitutional duty to prevent the nation from further sliding down to chaos and anarchy...... throughout the history of over 200 years, the institution of monarchy in nepal has always been guided by the will and consent of the people. our commitment to multiparty democracy, human rights and rule of law is total and unflinching.......
  4. Doha, June 2005 Nations like men can be healthy and happy, though comparatively poor...... freedom, democracy and human rights have been sublimated by painful experience into international concerns. Democracy is a universal aspiration. So is freedom. So are human rights. A perusal of recent documents in South-South cooperation gives the impression that these values can be qualified. In fact that is not the case. We must wisely determine and discriminate that in a political system, there are three levels at which they are handled. The first is the level of values. No establishment, governmental or non-governmental, can be legitimate which denies or contradicts these values. The second is the level of institutions. As institutions have to evolve around men and conditions, they can only be approximations. While they have to be consistent with values, their practises have to be judged in the grey areas of the realm of reality and the pools of idealism. The third level is the level of deliberate and selective use of democracy and human rights for political purposes. Sadly, this is a fault in which both the countries of the South and the developed North are not free from....... My own country is a sad witness and a microcosm of how inequality, social and economic exclusion, poor governance, rampant corruption and non-delivery by various governments in the last decade and a half have been exploited by terrorists to fulfil their own agenda - an agenda already discarded and rejected by the world at large.......
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